Endometriosis is a common condition that affects around 1 in 10 women and people assigned female at birth during their reproductive years.
Endometriosis happens when tissue similar to the lining of the womb grows outside the womb. It is most commonly found on the ovaries, fallopian tubes and lining of the pelvis, but it can affect other parts of the body.
This tissue responds to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle. It can cause inflammation, pain and sometimes scar tissue.
If period pain is regularly stopping you from working, studying or enjoying everyday activities, it is important to seek advice. Severe period pain is not something you should simply put up with.
Symptoms
Symptoms of endometriosis can vary from person to person.
Common symptoms include:
- painful periods
- pelvic pain
- pain during or after sex
- pain when going to the toilet during your period
- heavy periods
- tiredness
- difficulty becoming pregnant
Some people have severe symptoms, while others have mild symptoms.
When to seek help
You should contact your GP practice if you think you may have endometriosis or if your symptoms are affecting your daily life.
Getting support early can help you access treatment and manage your symptoms more effectively.
Your GP or another healthcare professional will discuss your symptoms and may arrange tests or refer you to a specialist if needed.
Getting a diagnosis
Endometriosis can sometimes take time to diagnose because its symptoms can be similar to other conditions.
Your healthcare professional will usually begin by discussing your symptoms and medical history.
You may be offered:
- a physical examination
- blood tests
- an ultrasound scan
- referral to a gynaecology specialist
A specialist may recommend further investigations to confirm a diagnosis.
Endometriosis treatment and support
There is currently no cure for endometriosis, but treatments can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
Treatment options may include:
- pain relief medication
- hormonal treatments
- support with managing symptoms
- surgery in some cases
Your healthcare team will discuss the most appropriate treatment options for your individual needs.
Endometriosis and fertility
Some people with endometriosis may experience difficulties becoming pregnant. However, many people with endometriosis can conceive naturally.
If you are concerned about fertility, speak to your GP or specialist.
You may also find our Fertility and trying for a baby page helpful.
Endometriosis stories and experiences
The videos below feature real people sharing their experiences of living with endometriosis. They talk about their symptoms, their journey to diagnosis and the treatments and support they have received.
Everyone’s experience is different, but hearing from others can help you understand the condition and feel less alone.
Further information
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